The sense of coherence among university students: A resource for care in times of pandemic / Sentido de coherencia en universitarios: recurso para el cuidado en tiempos de pandemia / Senso de coerência nos estudantes universitários: um recurso para o cuidado em tempos de pandemias

Introducción: El constructo Sentido de Coherencia derivado del modelo salutogénico, permite afrontar factores estresantes a través de activos para mantener una buena salud. Objetivo: Describir el Sentido de Coherencia (SOC-29) en estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Manizales como recurso de cuidado en tiempos de pandemia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo con una fase asociativa y comparativa, con 566 estudiantes matriculados en universidades públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Manizales, Caldas (Colombia), durante el primer período académico del 2021. La técnica de recolección fue la encuesta online. Para el análisis univariado se realizó distribución de frecuencias, medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, y para el bivariado U de Mann Whitney, H de Kruskal-Wallis y Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: El valor del Sentido de Coherencia osciló entre 58 y 185 puntos, promedio 133.6 ± 24,4 puntos, un 27% de los participantes informó la pandemia afectó negativamente su vida, se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa p<0,05 entre el cambio en las condiciones de vida y todos los ítems de la escala. Conclusión: La consolidación del Sentido de Coherencia como parte integral de la salud mental de los universitarios los prepara para afrontar cambios en sus condiciones de vida y hace factible direccionar acciones de cuidado en el contexto social, familiar y académico.

Introduction:The construct of the sense of coherence, derived from the salutogenic model, allows people to cope with stressors through resources to maintain good health. Objective: To describe the sense of coherence (SOC-29) among university students in the city of Manizales as a care resource in times of pandemic. Materials and Methods: A quantitative and descriptive study with an associative-comparative phase was conducted with 566 students enrolled in public and private universities in Manizales, Caldas, (Colombia), during the first semester of 2021. The data collection technique was online surveys. For the univariate analysis, frequency distribution and central tendency and dispersion measures were determined. For bivariate analysis, the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Chi-square test were used. Results:The SOC-29 score ranged from 58 to 185 points (mean 133.6 ± 24.4 points), and 27% of the participants reported that the pandemic negatively affected their life, a statistically significant association (p<0.05) was found between the change in living conditions and all the items of the scale. Conclusions: Consolidating the sense of coherence as an integral part of university students' mental health prepares them to cope with changes in their living conditions and makes it feasible to direct care actions in social, family, and academic settings.

Introdução: A construção Sentido de Coerência derivada do modelo salutogênico, permite lidar com os estressores através de ativos para manter a boa saúde. Objetivo: Descrever o Sentido de Coerência (SOC-29) em estudantes universitários da cidade de Manizales, Caldas (Colômbia), como um recurso para o cuidado em tempos de pandemia. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo com uma fase associativa e comparativa com 566 estudantes matriculados em universidades públicas e privadas na cidade de Manizales, Caldas (Colômbia), durante o primeiro período acadêmico de 2021. A técnica de coleta foi a pesquisa on-line. Para a análise univariada, foram utilizadas a distribuição de frequência, medidas de tendência central e dispersão, e para a análise bivariada foram utilizadas Mann Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H e Chi-quadrado. Resultados: O valor de senso de coerência variou de 58 a 185 pontos, média 133,6 ± 24,4 pontos, 27% dos participantes relataram que a pandemia afetou negativamente suas vidas, associação estatisticamente significativa p<0,05 foi encontrada entre mudança nas condições de vida e todos os itens da escala. Conclusões: A consolidação do Senso de Coerência como parte integrante da saúde mental dos estudantes universitários os prepara para enfrentar mudanças em suas condições de vida e torna viável a abordagem de ações de cuidado no contexto social, familiar e acadêmico.

COVID-19 infection rate and time spent at home: analysis of the beginning of the pandemic / Taxa de infecção por COVID-19 e tempo gasto em casa: análise do começo da pandemia / Tasa de infección por COVID-19 y tiempo en casa: análisis del inicio de la pandemia

Background and Objectives: Evidence suggests that the failure of epidemiological control impedes the resumption of socioeconomic activities. Therefore, this study aimed to describe epidemiological aspects and the pattern of mobility on each continent and to verify the association between the COVID-19 infection rate and time spent at home. Methods: We analyzed reports from Global Positioning System of 97 countries and their epidemiological indicators until May 27, 2020. Results: Cases of COVID-19 ranged from 22 to 1,745,803, and deaths ranged from 0 to 102,107. The highest rates per 100,000 population were observed in Europe and America. Approximately 54% of COVID-19 cases occurred in America and 51% of deaths in Europe. Countries reduced mobility in retail and recreation (-43.45%±20.42%), grocery and pharmacy (-17.95%±20.82%), parks (-18.77%±37.34%), transit stations (-43.09%±20.31%), workplaces (-21.74%±19.92%), and increased time spent at home (13.00%±8.80%). Linear regression showed that European inhabitants stayed at home less when compared those on the American continent (ß=-4.933, SE=0.976, p<.001). In addition, every unit increase in the infection rate per 100,000 population increased 0.005 points in the mean time spent at home (ß=0.005, SE=0.001, p<.001). Conclusions: We provide evidence that increased infection rate of COVID-19 is associated with increased length of stay at home. As a main lesson, COVID-19 showed that in the absence of pharmacological resources, government authorities need to act quickly to contain the spread of infectious diseases.(AU)

Justificativa e objetivos: Evidências sugerem que as dificuldades no controle epidemiológico impedem a retomada das atividades socioeconômicas. Diante disso, tivemos os objetivos de descrever aspectos epidemiológicos e o padrão de mobilidade em cada continente e verificar a associação entre a taxa de infecção por COVID-19 e o tempo de permanência em casa. Métodos: Analisamos relatórios de Global Positioning System de 97 países e seus indicadores epidemiológicos até 27 de maio de 2020. Resultados: Casos de COVID-19 variaram de 22 a 1.745.803, e as mortes variaram de 0 a 102.107. Maiores taxas por 100.000 habitantes foram observadas na Europa e América. Aproximadamente 54% dos casos de COVID-19 ocorreram na América e 51% dos óbitos na Europa. Os países reduziram a mobilidade no varejo e recreação (-43,45% ± 20,42%), mercearia e farmácia (-17,95%±20,82%), parques (-18,77%±37,34%), estações de trânsito (-43,09%±20,31%), locais de trabalho (-21,74%±19,92%), e aumentaram o tempo em casa (13,00% ± 8,80%). A regressão linear mostrou que os habitantes europeus ficaram menos tempo em casa do que os habitantes do continente americano (ß=-4,933, EP=0,976, p<0,001). Além disso, cada unidade de aumento na taxa de infecção por 100.000 habitantes aumentou 0,005 pontos no tempo médio de permanência em casa (ß=0,005, EP=0,001, p<0,001). Conclusões: Fornecemos evidências de que o aumento da taxa de infecção por COVID-19 está associado ao aumento do tempo de permanência em casa. Como lição principal, a COVID-19 mostrou que, na ausência de recursos farmacológicos, as autoridades governamentais precisam agir rapidamente para conter a propagação de doenças infecciosas.(AU)

Justificación y Objetivos: Dificultades en el control epidemiológico dificultan la reactivación de actividades socioeconómicas. Nuestros objetivos fueron describir aspectos epidemiológicos y el patrón de movilidad en cada continente y verificar la asociación entre tasa de infección por COVID-19 y duración de estancia en casa. Métodos: Examinamos informes del Global Positioning System de 97 países y sus indicadores epidemiológicos hasta 27 de mayo de 2020. Resultados: Casos de COVID-19 oscilaron entre 22 y 1.745.803, y muertes entre 0 y 102.107. Tasas más altas por 100.000 habitantes ocurrieron en Europa y América. Aproximadamente 54% de los casos de COVID-19 ocurrieron en América y 51% de las muertes en Europa. Los países redujeron la movilidad en comercio y recreación (-43,45%±20,42%), tienda de comestibles y farmacia (-17,95%±20,82%), parques (-18,77%±37,34%), estaciones de tránsito (-43,09%±20,31%), lugares de trabajo (-21,74%±19,92%), y aumentaron la duración de la estancia en casa (13,00%±8,80%). La regresión lineal (R²=0,906) mostró que los europeos permanecían menos tiempo en casa en comparación con los del continente americano (ß=-4,933, EE=0,976, p<0,001). Además, cada unidad de aumento de la tasa de infección por 100.000 habitantes aumentó la duración media de la estancia en casa en 0,005 puntos (ß=0,005, EE=0,001, p<0,001). Conclusiones: Mostramos que el aumento de la tasa de infección de COVID-19 se asocia con una mayor duración de la estancia en casa. Como lección clave, COVID-19 demostró que, en ausencia de recursos farmacológicos, las autoridades gubernamentales deben actuar rápidamente para contener la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas.(AU)

Interrogating and recuperating masculinities in therapeutic practice

In this invited commentary I reflect on issues concerning masculinities in therapeutic spaces. I draw on contemporary masculinity concepts as well as the psychonalytic, postmodern and post-qualitative aspects of the various articles. I consider how traditional and modern expectations concerning masculinities create problems and possibilities for men in different situations, for example men from different generations (e.g. me, my father, my son). Similarly, I discuss how therapists might unwittingly [re]construct traditional masculinities in their practice – but are also ideally positioned to deconstruct masculinities which are implicated in their client’s suffering. At the same time, I note that the promotion of healthy, caring and inclusive masculinities need not be confined to the therapy room since there are now various mental health intervention which are community-based, entail peer support and which are tailored to specific constituencies of men. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] RESUMEN Este estudio explicó la importancia del enfoque de la Terapia Breve Centrada en Soluciones (SFBT) en el trato con las personas para encontrar soluciones tanto después como durante la ocurrencia de la ansiedad psicológica, la aplicación de SBFT se puede hacer de manera práctica, efectiva y eficiente. Este estudio utiliza un análisis comparativo, que se refiere a varias publicaciones relevantes entre SFBT y la ansiedad psicológica, especialmente en el brote de COVID-19 en forma de artículos de revistas científicas, libros de referencia y otra información de fuentes confiables. Los resultados revelaron que existe una correlación significativa entre las teorías, tanto los supuestos básicos como los conceptos relacionados con el proceso de intervención de SFBT en un esfuerzo por ayudar a las personas a encontrar soluciones a los problemas que experimentan o experimentarán. Este estudio puede entonces ser una referencia científica para la aplicación del enfoque SFBT como un esfuerzo para mejorar la capacidad de encontrar soluciones. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] ABSTRAIT Cette étude a expliqué l'importance de l'approche de la thérapie brève axée sur les solutions (SFBT) dans le traitement des individus pour trouver des solutions à la fois après et pendant l'apparition de l'anxiété psychologique, l'application de la SBFT peut être effectuée de manière pratique, efficace et efficiente. Cette étude utilise une analyse comparative, qui fait référence à diverses publications pertinentes entre SFBT et l'anxiété psychologique, en particulier dans l'épidémie de COVID-19 sous la forme d'articles de revues scientifiques, d'ouvrages de référence et d'autres informations provenant de sources fiables. Les résultats ont révélé qu'il existe une corrélation significative entre les théories, les hypothèses de base et les concepts liés au processus d'intervention SFBT dans le but d'aider les individus à trouver des solutions aux problèmes qui sont ou seront vécus. Cette étude peut alors constituer une référence scientifique pour l'application de l'approche SFBT dans le but d'améliorer la capacité à trouver des solutions. (French) [ FROM AUTHOR] ABSTRAKT Diese Studie erläuterte die Bedeutung des Ansatzes der lösungsorientierten Kurzzeittherapie (SFBT) im Umgang mit Einzelpersonen, um Lösungen sowohl nach als auch während des Auftretens von psychischer Angst zu finden. Die Anwendung von SBFT kann praktisch, effektiv und effizient erfolgen. Diese Studie verwendet eine vergleichende Analyse, die sich auf verschiedene relevante Literatur zwischen SFBT und psychischer Angst bezieht, insbesondere zum COVID-19-Ausbruch in Form von Artikeln in wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften, Nachschlagewerken und anderen Informationen aus vertrauenswürdigen Quellen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass es eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen Theorien, sowohl Grundannahmen als auch Konzepten im Zusammenhang mit dem SFBT-Interventionsprozess gibt, um Einzelpersonen dabei zu helfen, Lösungen für Probleme zu finden, die auftreten oder auftreten werden. Diese Studie kann dann als wissenschaftliche Referenz für die Anwendung des SFBT-Ansatzes zur Verbesserung der Lösungsfähigkeit dienen. (German) [ FROM AUTHOR] ΠΕΡΊΛΗΨΗ Αυτή η μελέτη εξήγησε τη σημασία της προσέγγισης της συνοπτικής θεραπείας με επίκεντρο τη λύση (SFBT) στην αντιμετώπιση ατόμων για την εξεύρεση λύσεων τόσο μετά όσο και κατά τη διάρκεια της εμφάνισης ψυχολογικού άγχους, η εφαρμογή της SBFT μπορεί να γίνει πρακτικά, αποτελεσματικά και αποδοτικά. Αυτή η μελέτη χρησιμοποιεί συγκριτική ανάλυση, η οποία αναφέρεται σε ποικίλη σχετική βιβλιογραφία μεταξύ του SFBT και του ψυχολογικού άγχους, ειδικά στην επιδημία COVID-19 με τη μορφή άρθρων επιστημονικών περιοδικών, βιβλίων αναφοράς και άλλων πληροφοριών από αξιόπιστες πηγές. Τα αποτελέσματα αποκάλυψαν ότι υπάρχει σημαντική συσχέτιση μεταξύ των θεωριών, τόσο βασικών υποθέσεων όσο και εννοιών που σχετίζονται με τη διαδικασία παρέμβασης SFBT σε μια προσπάθεια να βοηθηθούν τα άτομα να βρουν λύσεις σε προβλήματα που έχουν ή θα βιώσουν. Αυτή η μελέτη μπορεί στη συνέχεια να αποτελέσει μια επιστημονική αναφορά για την εφαρμογή της προσέγγισης SFBT ως μια προσπάθεια βελτίωσης της ικανότητας εύρεσης λύσεων. (Modern Greek) [ FROM AUTHOR] RIASSUNTO Questo studio ha spiegato l'importanza dell'approccio Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) nel trattare con gli individui per trovare soluzioni sia dopo che durante il verificarsi di ansia psicologica, l'applicazione di SBFT può essere eseguita in modo pratico, efficace ed efficiente. Questo studio utilizza l'analisi comparativa, che fa riferimento a varie pubblicazioni rilevanti tra SFBT e ansia psicologica, in particolare nell'epidemia di COVID-19 sotto forma di articoli di riviste scientifiche, libri di consultazione e altre informazioni da fonti attendibili. I risultati hanno rivelato che esiste una correlazione significativa tra le teorie, sia i presupposti di base che i concetti relativi al processo di intervento SFBT nel tentativo di aiutare le persone a trovare soluzioni ai problemi che sono o saranno vissuti. Questo studio può quindi essere un riferimento scientifico per l'applicazione dell'approccio SFBT come sforzo per migliorare la capacità di trovare soluzioni. (Italian) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Postawy pracowników sektora ochrony zdrowia wobec epidemii COVID-19

Introduction and objective: On 10 March, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic, which has become a public health emergency of international concern. The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of health professionals towards the COVID-19 outbreak. Material and methods: A survey of 115 health care professionals was conducted in late 2020. The research tool was a questionnaire constructed based on surveys by the Public Opinion Research Center (CBOS). When analyzing the relationships, two groups were distinguished: hospital employees and those employed in other units, and employees with and without contact with patients. The results were processed using Microsoft Office Excel and Statistica 13.0. Analyses of the relationships were performed using the chi-square test, p<0.5. Results: More than a half of the respondents (51.30%) considered the current pandemic something unprecedented. Outside work, 86.96% of respondents covered their mouths and nose in public places, and 99.13% used hand disinfection in public places. Most employees of medical units (50.43%) considered the restrictions and security measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic to be too restrictive. This was due to the occupation performed and related with it direct contact with patients. Willingness to undergo vaccination against COVID-19 was expressed by 65.22% of respondents. Conclusions: Health care professionals have a high level of awareness of the need for SARS-CoV-2 prevention and adhere to epidemic safety measures both at and outside the workplace. Most health care professionals believe that the current pandemic safety measures are too restrictive. Most health care professionals (65.22%) were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19.

Psychological Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Laboratory Workers and Employees' Perceptions of Pandemic Control: The Case of a University Hospital

Objective: COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) is a severe acute respiratory syndrome declared by the World Health Organization as an internationally important public health emergency. Healthcare workers at the forefront and at greater risk are more affected by the epidemic The purpose of this study is to reveal the psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on healthcare professionals working in laboratories, which is one of the important service units of hospitals. This study carries the distinction of being the first study investigating the effect on employees of the laboratory COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey. Material and Methods: The research sample consists of health personnel working in laboratories (n=82). IBM SPSS 20.0 software package and IBM SPSS AMOS 26 software package were used for statistical analysis. While evaluating the data, descriptive statistical methods, factor analysis (AFA, DFA), reliability analysis, correlation analysis were used. Independent sample t-test and ANOVA test were used to test the COVID-19 psychological effect of demographic variables and the perception of COVID-19 control. Results: The overall average of the COVID-19 Psychological Impact Questionnaire was found to be 3.294 ± 0.517. The general average of the “COVID-19 Perception of Control Scale” was found to be 2.413 ± 0.675. According to these results, it was determined that the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on laboratory workers was high, and the perception of control was low. It was determined that the Psychological Effect of COVID-19 and “COVID-19 Perception of Control Scale differed statistically from demographic variables with gender (P < .05). Conclusion: The psychological impact of COVID-19 is felt most by female employees. COVID-19 Macro control perception is higher in male employees. No significant difference was found with other sociodemographic variables (P > .05). As the psychological impact of COVID-19 on laboratory staff increases, their perception of controlling the outbreak is declining.As the level of anxiety and stress of laboratory personnel increases, their demands for stopping the epidemic and increasing protection also increase. © 2022 Archives of Health Science and Research. All rights reserved.

Workers or Heroines? Health Care in Times of Crisis / ¿Trabajadoras o heroínas? Cuidados sanitarios en tiempos de crisis / Trabalhadoras ou heroínas? A assistência médica em tempos de crise

Introducción: el artículo reflexiona sobre las tensiones que atraviesan las profesiones vinculadas a los cuidados sanitarios en situaciones de crisis acontecidas en la historia de Argentina. Se consideran tres momentos en los cuales, ante situaciones de crisis políticas, epidemias y catástrofes naturales, las mujeres, en su rol naturalizado de cuidadoras, tuvieron un desempeño más visible. Desarrollo: se analiza la participación de una de las primeras médicas argentinas, Elvira Rawson, durante la Revolución del Parque (26 de julio de 1890, Buenos Aires) cuando, aun siendo estudiante, desafió los criterios establecidos y atendió heridos de bala sin distinguir filiación política. Luego, se reflexiona sobre el papel de un grupo de enfermeras (argentinas y estadounidenses) durante la epidemia de poliomielitis en 1943 y la creación de un controvertido método de rehabilitación ideado por una enfermera, Elizabeth Kenny. Por último, se examina al terremoto sucedido en la provincia de San Juan, en 1944, como un escenario que convocó vocaciones solidarias y estimuló el desarrollo de la enfermería en Argentina. Conclusiones: la retórica de la "vocación", el "amor al prójimo" o las "dotes naturalizadas otorgadas por el sexo" suelen ser rasgos que se acentúan durante crisis políticas, sociales y sanitarias. La pandemia de covid-19 renueva estrategias discursivas heroicas y sacrificiales que son insuficientes para reconocer los saberes profesionales asociados con las tareas de cuidados, al tiempo que ocultan las malas condiciones de trabajo y las desigualdades sexo-genéricas que se reproducen en el campo sociosanitario

Introduction: This article reflects on the tensions that occurred in healthcare professionals during crisis situations in the history of Argentina. Women, in their naturalized role as caregivers, played a more visible role in the face of political crises, epidemics, and natural disasters. Development: We analyzed the participation of one of the first Argentinean women doctors, Elvira Rawson, during the Revolution of the Park (July 26, 1890, Buenos Aires), when, although she was a student, she defied the establishment by treating gunshot victims, regardless of their political affiliation. We have then highlighted the role of a group of nurses (Argentinean and American) during the polio epidemic in 1943 and a controversial method of rehabilitation developed by Elizabeth Kenny. Finally, we examined the 1944 earthquake that occurred in the province of San Juan as a scenario that called for solidary vocations and stimulated the development of nursing in Argentina. Conclusions: The rhetoric of "vocation," "love of neighbor," or "naturalized gifts given by sex" are features that are often accentuated during political, social, and health crises. The covid-19 pandemic renews heroic and sacrificial discursive strategies that are insufficient to recognize the professional knowledge associated with caregiving tasks, while hiding substandard working conditions and gender inequalities that are reproduced within the social and healthcare fields

Introdução: o artigo reflete sobre as tensões que afetam as profissões relacionadas à saúde em situações de crise ocorridas na história da Argentina. São considerados três momentos em que, em situações de crises políticas, epidemias e catástrofes naturais, a mulher, em seu papel naturalizado de cuidadora, teve um papel mais visível. Desenvolvimento: é analisada a participação de uma das primeiras médicas argentinas, Elvira Rawson, durante a Revolução do Parque (26 de julho de 1890, Buenos Aires) quando, ainda como estudante, desafiou os critérios estabelecidos para tratar feridos à bala sem distinguir afi-liação política. Em seguida, se reflete sobre o papel de um grupo de enfermeiras (argentinas e norte--americanas) durante a epidemia de pólio em 1943 e o desenvolvimento de um polêmico método de reabilitação idealizado por uma enfermeira, Elizabeth Kenny. Por fim, examina-se o terremoto ocorrido na província de San Juan em 1944, como um cenário que convocou vocações solidárias e estimulou o desenvolvimento da enfermagem na Argentina. Conclusões: a retórica da "vocação", do "amor ao pró-ximo" ou dos "dons naturalizados concedidos pelo sexo" costumam ser traços que se acentuam nas crises políticas, sociais e de saúde. A pandemia covid-19 renova estratégias discursivas heroicas e sacrificiais insuficientes para reconhecer os saberes profissionais associados às tarefas de cuidado, ao mesmo tempo em que oculta as precárias condições de trabalho e as desigualdades de gênero que se reproduzem no campo sociossanitário

De lo Real y de la obediencia

Hemos visto algunas reacciones al agujero en el saber que produjo la aparición de lo Real del sars-cov-2. Esa falta de saber define lo traumático para el sujeto, que ocasiona desde estupor hasta desmentidos de lo Real, estallidos de goce, proliferación de sentido, paranoia y creencia en lo oculto. Los científicos intentan traducir lo Real del virus, pues la ciencia carece de ese saber y el modelo neoliberal propicia las zoonosis. La otra reacción del sujeto a lo Real es la angustia y es allí donde el psicoanálisis puede ubicar cierta obediencia.Alternate : Vimos algumas reações ao buraco no conhecimento que o aparecimento do Real do SARS-CoV-2 produziu. Esse desconhecimento define o que é traumático para o sujeito, o que provoca desde o estupor até a negação do Real, explosões de gozo, proliferação de sentido, paranóia e crença no oculto. Os cientistas tentam traduzir o real do vírus, porque a ciência carece desse conhecimento e o modelo neoliberal promove zoonoses. A outra reação do sujeito ao Real é a angústia e é aí que a psicanálise pode localizar uma certa obediência.Alternate : We have seen some reactions to the hole in knowledge produced by the appearance of the Real of sars-cov-2. This lack of knowledge defines the traumatic for the subject, which causes from stupor to denials of the Real, explosions of jouissance, proliferation of meaning, paranoia and belief in the occult. Scientists try to translate the Real of the virus, because science lacks this knowledge and the neoliberal model favors zoonoses. The other reaction of the subject to the Real is anguish and it is there where psychoanalysis can locate a certain obedience.

Epidemia di Coronavirus Covid19 causata da SARS-COV-2 in Cina

A logistical mathematical model allowed analyzing daily data on the evolution of the Covid19 coronavirus epidemic in China. The model made it possible to anticipate some epidemiological data, not easily identifiable by other means. Three forecasts are particularly relevant: the final cumulative value of the infected people equal to 81750, the time when the daily infection reaches the peak, estimated at 06/02/2020, the practical duration of the epidemic estimated at 100 days from the beginning of the infection. The trend of daily contagion data is compatible with a time decreasing average life span of the virus.

Smallpox in Santiago, Concepcion and Santafe: A Comparisson of the Enlightened Sanitary Strategies (1782-1807) / Viruela en Santiago, Concepción y Santafé: comparación de las estrategias higienistas ilustradas (1782-1807) / Varíola em Santiago, Concepcion e Santafe: Um comparisson das estratégias sanitárias esclarecidas (1782-1807)

Introducción: este artículo pretende estudiar las medidas tomadas en las epidemias de viruela de Santiago (1787), Concepción (1789) y Santafé (1782/1802), para compararlas y entender cómo el estudio de estas epidemias nos puede dar luces para el abordaje del reto de salud pública actual: la pandemia de covid-19. Desarrollo: el artículo está dividido en tres partes: en la primera se exponen las medidas de higiene que se tomaron para subsanar y prevenir estas epidemias, previas a la llegada de la vacunación, comparando el rol desempeñado por los actores locales en cada región; en la segunda se relata y se compara el proceso de llegada y búsqueda de la vacuna contra la viruela en cada territorio, y en la tercera se reflexiona brevemente sobre la pandemia actual. Conclusiones: en el análisis comparativo, se destaca la manera en la que la agenda transcolonial incluye una serie de similitudes para su aplicación en cada territorio, pero también las diferencias que los procesos locales y transcoloniales plantean para su domesticación en cada uno de ellos. Además, se resaltan las particularidades que ha tenido la pandemia de covid-19 y las lecciones que este estudio de caso deja para pensar en la necesidad de enfrentarla desde una perspectiva global.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate and compare measures implemented during the smallpox epidemics in Santiago (1787), Concepción (1789), and Santafé (1782/1802). In addition, we also tried to understand how the study of these epidemics could help identify an approach for managing the current public health challenge, i.e., the covid-19 pandemic. Development: The article is divided into three parts: the first part studies the hygienic measures that were taken to face and prevent the epidemics as well as compares the role played by local actors in each region; the second part studies the processes of searching and acquiring smallpox vaccine in Santafé and Santiago; and the third part reflects on the current pandemic scenario. Conclusions: Through comparative analysis, we evaluated the similarities in the application of transcolonial agenda in each territory and the differences brought about by local and transcolonial processes implemented for its domestication. Furthermore, we highlighted particular processes conducted for managing and treating covid-19 as well as lessons learnt from this case study about the need of dealing with covid-19 from a global perspective.

Introdução: este artigo tem como objetivo estudar as medidas tomadas nas epidemias de varíola de Santiago (1787), Concepción (1789) e Santafé (1782/1802), compará-las e compreender como o estudo des-sas epidemias pode lançar luz sobre a abordagem do desafio atual da saúde pública: a pandemia covid-19. Desenvolvimento: o artigo está dividido em três partes: na primeira, são expostas as medidas de higiene que foram tomadas para corrigir e prevenir estas epidemias, antes da chegada da vacinação, comparando o papel desempenhado pelos atores locais em cada região; na segunda, relaciona-se e compara-se o processo de chegada e busca da vacina contra a varíola em cada território; e, na terceira, faz uma breve refle-xão sobre a atual pandemia. Conclusões: na análise comparativa, destacamos a forma como a agenda transcolonial suscita uma série de semelhanças para a sua aplicação em cada território, mas também as diferenças que os processos locais e transcoloniais colocam para a sua domesticação em cada um deles. Além disso, destacamos as particularidades que a pandemia covid-19 teve e as lições que este estudo de caso deixa para pensar a necessidade de enfrentá-la a partir de uma perspectiva global.

The need for changes in medical education and the perception of teachers before the Covid-19 pandemic / Necessidade de mudanças na educação médica e a percepção de professores antes da pandemia da Covid-19 / Necesidad de cambios en la educación médica y la percepción de profesores antes de la pandemia de Covid-19

Este estudo objetiva analisar questões da educação médica evidenciadas pelas medidas de distanciamento social provocadas pela pandemia do coronavírus19 associadas às percepções de professores de medicina sobre esses mesmos aspectos, em um momento prévio à eclosão da crise sanitária. Realizamos um recorte de resultados de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e conduzimos a discussão com base na triangulação de dados entre observações de campo e entrevistas com professores. A pandemia reacendeu debates sobre a relevância de conteúdos, a utilização de tecnologias digitais para fins pedagógicos e o valor do trabalho colaborativo. Além disso, resgatou questões que envolvem habilidades de comunicação e a saúde de estudantes nas práticas do cuidado. Discutiremos a experiência passada articulando-a às experiências recentes e o que poderemos recolher para (re)construirmos os rumos da formação dos médicos.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cuestiones de la educación médica puestas en evidencia por las medidas de distancia social adoptadas por la pandemia del coronavirus 19, asociadas a las percepciones de profesores de medicina sobres esos mismos aspectos, en un momento previo a la eclosión de la crisis sanitaria. Realizamos un recorte de resultados de una investigación de naturaleza cualitativa y dirigimos la discusión a partir de la triangulación de datos entre observaciones de campo y entrevistas con profesores. La pandemia reencendió debates sobre la relevancia de contenidos, la utilización de tecnologías digitales para fines pedagógicos y el valor del trabajo colaborativo. Además, rescató cuestiones que envuelven habilidades de comunicación y la salud de estudiantes en las prácticas del cuidado. Discutiremos la experiencia pasada articulándola con las experiencias recientes y lo que podremos recoger para (re)construir los rumbos de formación de los médicos.(AU)

This study aims to analyze medical education issues evidenced by the measures of social distancing due to the coronavirus pandemic19, associated with the perceptions of medical professors about these same aspects, in a moment prior to the outbreak of the health crisis. We focused in the results of a qualitative research and conducted a discussion based on the triangulation of data between field observations and interviews with professors. The pandemic has rekindled debates about the relevance of contents, the use of digital technologies for educational purposes and the value of collaborative work. Additionally, it provoked the emergence of issues involving communication skills and the health of students in care practices. We discuss past experiences articulating them with recent experiences and what we can collect to (re)build the direction of medical training.(AU)

Risk of a syndemic between COVID-19 and dengue fever in southern Mexico / Riesgo de sindemia de COVID-19 y fiebre del dengue en el sur de México

Resumen Una sindemia es la convergencia de dos o más enfermedades en un mismo espacio y tiempo. En México, la epidemia de dengue está activa y predomina en zonas del Pacífico y Golfo de México; por su parte, la epidemia de COVID-19 afecta severamente las mismas zonas que el dengue. Dado que estas enfermedades comparten numerosas manifestaciones clínicas, en zonas endémicas de enfermedades tropicales es importante la evaluación minuciosa del paciente que consulta por fiebre, para establecer oportunamente un diagnóstico correcto. Las pruebas de laboratorio son necesarias para llevar a cabo las medidas pertinentes en cada paciente. En México, el riesgo de sindemia de COVID-19 y dengue es alto, por lo que puede colapsar los sistemas de salud. Los estados del sureste y los colindantes con el Pacífico requieren especial atención ya que presentan condiciones geográficas, ambientales y climáticas que favorecen la rápida propagación del dengue y COVID-19. La infección simultánea empeorará la situación epidemiológica, complicará el diagnóstico, control y tratamiento de ambas enfermedades.

Abstract A syndemic is the convergence of two or more diseases in the same space and time. In Mexico, the dengue epidemic is active and predominates in areas of the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico; in turn, the COVID-19 epidemic severely affects the same areas as dengue fever. Given that both these diseases share many clinical manifestations, in areas where tropical diseases are endemic, it is important to make careful evaluations of the patient who consults for fever in order to establish a timely diagnosis. Laboratory diagnostic tests are necessary to take the pertinent measures for each patient. In Mexico, the risk of a syndemic between COVID-19 and dengue fever is high, and thus it that can collapse health systems. The states of southeastern Mexico and the Pacific region require special attention, since they have geographic, environmental and climatic conditions that favor the rapid spread of dengue and COVID-19. Simultaneous infection will worsen the epidemiological situation, and complicate the diagnosis, control and treatment of both diseases.

Risk of a syndemic between COVID-19 and dengue fever in southern Mexico.

A syndemic is the convergence of two or more diseases in the same space and time. In Mexico, the dengue epidemic is active and predominates in areas of the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico; in turn, the COVID-19 epidemic severely affects the same areas as dengue fever. Given that both these diseases share many clinical manifestations, in areas where tropical diseases are endemic, it is important to make careful evaluations of the patient who consults for fever in order to establish a timely diagnosis. Laboratory diagnostic tests are necessary to take the pertinent measures for each patient. In Mexico, the risk of a syndemic between COVID-19 and dengue fever is high, and thus it that can collapse health systems. The states of southeastern Mexico and the Pacific region require special attention, since they have geographic, environmental and climatic conditions that favor the rapid spread of dengue and COVID-19. Simultaneous infection will worsen the epidemiological situation, and complicate the diagnosis, control and treatment of both diseases.

Una sindemia es la convergencia de dos o más enfermedades en un mismo espacio y tiempo. En México, la epidemia de dengue está activa y predomina en zonas del Pacífico y Golfo de México; por su parte, la epidemia de COVID-19 afecta severamente las mismas zonas que el dengue. Dado que estas enfermedades comparten numerosas manifestaciones clínicas, en zonas endémicas de enfermedades tropicales es importante la evaluación minuciosa del paciente que consulta por fiebre, para establecer oportunamente un diagnóstico correcto. Las pruebas de laboratorio son necesarias para llevar a cabo las medidas pertinentes en cada paciente. En México, el riesgo de sindemia de COVID-19 y dengue es alto, por lo que puede colapsar los sistemas de salud. Los estados del sureste y los colindantes con el Pacífico requieren especial atención ya que presentan condiciones geográficas, ambientales y climáticas que favorecen la rápida propagación del dengue y COVID-19. La infección simultánea empeorará la situación epidemiológica, complicará el diagnóstico, control y tratamiento de ambas enfermedades.

Why is Covid-19 epidemics no so intense in Africa? / ¿Por qué es menos «intensa¼ la epidemia de Covid-19 en África?

Most of the international bibliography published on Covid-19 pandemics is focused in the Asian, European or American continents. It seems that incidence is lower in Africa. In this article we hypothetize on several of the possible causes sustaining these differences. Population pyramid, climate, african population own vulnerability/resistance or sociopolitical factors are underlined. In the case the pandemics will spread in Africa, the lack of basic healthcare resources will perhaps make the consequences disastrous and of a dantesque magnitude.

[Results of a healthcare organization model for COVID-19 on hemodialysis in a tertiary hospital and its subsidized centers]. / Resultados de un modelo de organización asistencial para COVID-19 en hemodiálisis en un hospital terciario y sus centros concertados.

The experience of a tertiary hospital and four hemodialysis centers attached to it during the COVID-19 epidemic is described. The organization of care that has been carried out and the clinical course of the 16cases of COVID-19 in hemodialysis patients are summarized. The joint application of measures, including patient screening, the early investigation of possible cases, the isolation of confirmed, investigational or contact cases, as well as the use of individual protection measures, has enabled the epidemic to be controlled. The clinical course of these 16patients is compared with the series published by the Wuhan University Hospital and with the data from the COVID-19 infection registry of the Spanish Society of Nephrology. In our experience, and unlike what was reported by the Wuhan Center, COVID-19 disease in hemodialysis patients is severe in a significant percentage of cases, and high lethality is mostly caused by the infection itself. Measures to contain the epidemic are effective.

COVID-19 the showdown for mass casualty preparedness and management: the Cassandra Syndrome.

Since December 2019, the world is potentially facing one of the most difficult infectious situations of the last decades. COVID-19 epidemic warrants consideration as a mass casualty incident (MCI) of the highest nature. An optimal MCI/disaster management should consider all four phases of the so-called disaster cycle: mitigation, planning, response, and recovery. COVID-19 outbreak has demonstrated the worldwide unpreparedness to face a global MCI.This present paper thus represents a call for action to solicitate governments and the Global Community to actively start effective plans to promote and improve MCI management preparedness in general, and with an obvious current focus on COVID-19.